Chinese Mothers and their American Daughters in Amy Tans The Joy Luck Club :: Joy Luck Club Essays

Chinese Mothers and their American Daughters in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club â€Å"â€Å"No choice! No choice!† She doesn’t know. If she doesn’t speak, she is making a choice. If she doesn?t try, she can lose her chance forever. I know this because I was raised the Chinese way: I was taught to desire nothing, to swallow other people?s misery, to eat my own bitterness. And even though I taught my daughter the opposite, still she came out the same way! Maybe it is because she was born to me and she was born a girl. And I was born to my mother and I was born a girl. All of us are like stairs, one step after another, going up and down, but all going the same way.† (Tan 241) In desperation, mother An-Mei Hsu describes her frustration over her own mother-daughter relationship in Amy Tan?s The JoyLuck Club. Four Chinese born mothers and their four American born daughters tell stories from their own point of view about their relationships with one another: mother-mother, mother-daughter, and daughter-daughter. The way these stories weave in and out of the past and present, and how these women?s lives unfolded tell much of what women are taught to think of themselves, and how it shapes their lives. How a mother hopes to give her daughter strength, respect for herself, and a bond between mother and daughter, as told by the mothers, is reflected back by how each daughter processes what she perceives her mothers? lessons to be. All of the mothers came to America to escape the horrors of war. They hoped for the prosperity and ease that living in the United States would afford them. With them they brought the sacred teachings of Taoism and Confucianism. Peter Tavernise defines these ancient traditions in "Fasting of the Heart: Mother-Tradition and Sacred Systems in Amy Tan?s The Joy Luck Club." Jing-mei describes her limited understanding of these concepts as, ?The elements were from my mother?s own version of organic chemistry.? (Tan 19) Tavernise states, ?Just as in the Confucian ritual system, very little of the mother-tradition in the text is told explicitly from mother to daughter: ritual actions are supposed to be observed, absorbed, read, and understood in order to be transformed, preserved and handed down in turn.

Cosmetology Essay

What is the definition of beauty?What defines beauty? What is it to be beautiful? Beauty is confidence. Many people in the celebrity world view beauty as one’s physical appearance. They are not wrong: there is a physical beauty, but people fail to realize their inner beauty. confidence has been shown in many makeover shows such as Extreme Makeover to make peoples beauty increase dramatically. Confidence allows self-esteem to increase , and grants the person more positive thinking in their view of life. Confidence in oneself is needed to reveal the true beauty in every person. The perception of beauty is immensely broad, making it an exceptionally complex topic, as there are many ideas about beauty. For example, there is a certain ethnic group in Africa who believe having rings to elongate their neck is beautiful. Also, bound feet in china are a well-known perspective of beauty. These are merely several ancient traditions of physical attractiveness; seeing inner beauty is anoth er way to view beauty. People are beginning to believe that confidence and beauty are interlinked. In search of evidence to support this argument , â€Å" When we have confidence in ourselves we tend to dress with the clothes that fit us best†¦. that looks good on them, they take care of themselves†¦ On top of that, we smile more because we’re happy with ourselves; Smiles are always attractive. When they can see that amount of self respect, it makes everyone around you feel good and then what happens beauty radiates from everyone.† (answers.yahoo.com:How are beauty and confidence interlinked?) This is one case on how beauty and confidence are connected. however, dressing as yourself, and being happy proud of who you are, is another of confidence, that increases external and internal beauty. Other people, especially friends nearby, will notice others’ happiness and confidence, which will make them more attractive. Subjective and objective beauty is vital, and when one feels positive and more grateful for their attractive qualities, they will be more confident, and their true beauty will be shown. True beauty is confidence. Some people fail to realize this; however, the moral that confidence and beauty are connected is beginning to spread. Confidence will increase self-esteem, happiness, and pride in oneself, and the true beauty of the person will soon be revealed. â€Å"I don’t think I could live without hair, makeup and styling, let alone be the performer I am. I am a glamour girl through and through. I believe in the glamorous life and I live one.†-Lady Gaga So what is a cosmetologist? The most common definition for a cosmetologist is an expert in the use of cosmetics and beauty treatments.Aside from hair styling, cosmetologists can also specialize in nail design, skincare or makeup application. Home beauty products continue to flood the market, but some are too difficult or risky for individuals to perform on themselves at home. For example, while the materials for applying acrylic nails can be purchased in many retail stores, without prior experience or salo n tools the quality may not be the same as nails applied in a salon, and there may be potential for damaging the nail bed or cuticle. The same principles may apply to hair color and skin-care services; sometimes the best look and quality are obtained from a trained stylist or cosmetologist.As aesthetics change, cosmetologists continually learn new procedures and techniques. For example, as spray tanning has become an alternative to damaging the skin with standard tanning techniques, many cosmetologists have added spray tanning to their repertoires. With expansion of services, many cosmetologists continue to seek additional licenses for laser hair removal, the application of skin peels and massage. Others continue to practice with new hair implements and dyes as they come into fashion. These are some ways cosmetologists stay prepared to help their clients look and feel their best. What is the difference between a barber and a cosmetologist?While there may be little difference between what a cosmetologist and a barber have been trained to do, there generally are limitations to which services they can perform. Most barbers have received training on cutting women’s hair, coloring and perms. Barber shops, however, often limit services to cutting men’s hair, beard trimming and scalp treatments. In most states, only barbers are allowed to perform beard shaving; stylists are trained for both  men’s and women’s cuts, coloring, and manicure and pedicure services, but are often not permitted to shave beards.Why is cosmetology important?Cosmetology is very important because it doesnt only make a person beautiful from the outside as well. It also changes someone from the inside. It makes a woman feel beautiful, strong, and ready to take on any challenge in life. Cosmetology can help raise and even lower one’s self-esteem.Cosmetology ca n change someone’s entire life. Are cosmetologists important in today’s modern society? : â€Å"In spite of all the refinements of society that conspired to make art the dizzying perfection of the string quartet or the sprawling grandeur of Fragonard’s canvases beauty was savage. It was as dangerous and lawless as the earth had been eons before man had one single coherent thought in his head or wrote codes of conduct on tablets of clay. Beauty was a Savage Garden.†-Anne Rice Cosmetologists still are considered important in society today as they continue to train and learn to create a number of styles and looks that the average individual may not be able to perform herself. Most states require licenses and extensive training before performing cosmetic procedures like cutting hair and sculpting nails. Market demand requires frequent training and refreshers to ensure the safety and satisfaction of patrons. According to the U.S. Board of Labor statistics, 825,000 people work in the cosmetology industry as barbers, skin care specialists, hair stylists and nail te chnicians. While cosmetology is big business in large, densely populated cities and states, even the smallest towns can have at least one barbershop or salon. As cosmetologists continue to train for new and in-demand techniques, their services are considered important by many members of society today. â€Å"No matter what a woman’s appearance may be, it will be used to undermine what she is saying and taken to individualize – as her personal problem – observations she makes about the beauty myth in society† -Naomi Wolf A person’s appearance can greatly affect how others view them, as well as how that particular person views him or herself. This is why the work of a hairdresser, hairstylist, and cosmetologist is so important. These workers, whom we will broadly refer to as cosmetologists, are trusted by their clients to make them look the best that they could possibly look. The duties of a cosmetologist includes cutting and styling hair, fitting hairpieces, coloring hair, offering hair treatments like perms, manicuring nails, giving facials, and much more, depending on the cosmetologist’s particular niche. For example, some may work primarily in hair styling, while others may work primarily in hair removal. Most cosmetologists work regular 40-hour work weeks, though those who own their own businesses may work longer in order to ensure its upkeep. Regular interaction with customers is a big part of the work environment, as cosmetologists strive to make their clients feel welcome and comfortable. What are the requirements to being a cosmetologist?All cosmetologists must be licensed to work in the professional field, and a prerequisite for licensure is to graduate from a cosmetology school. This ensures that everyone who owns a cosmetology business or works in one is qualified to provide the service that they specialize in, especially since some cosmetology services can be dangerous if done by an unskilled technician, such as waxing and hair coloring. Most cosmetology programs take about a year to complete, and some may even result in an associate degree for the graduate. The classes taken are highly specific to the area of cosmetology being studied. For example, aspiring hairstylists will take classes in how to cut different types of hair and different styles, whereas aspiring nail technicians will take classes in proper manicure and pedicure techniques. After completing the program, most cosmetology schools will then provide students with a way to earn certification so that they may directly enter into the professional field. Why Cosmetology is a Hot Career? There will always be a demand for cosmetology services, especially since appearance is such an important thing in modern society. In addition, due to the fact that there will always be people getting married and celebrating other special events, cosmetology services will endure as well to cater to these clients. Employment opportunities are projected to increase 20% over the 2008-18 decade, adding 127,000 new jobs into the market, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The freedom that this career offers also adds to its appeal. Many cosmetologists are self-employed and make their own schedules, so they only work when they desire to do so. The earnings are respectable as well, with the median hourly wage – including tips – factoring in at $11.13, the BLS reports. However, the middle 50%  earned anywhere between $8.57 and $15.03 per hour. The best job opportunities are in bustling metropolitan areas, simply because these places tend to have more people and therefore more potential clients and employers. Who was my mentor? My mentor is Vero. Vero owns her own beauty salon along with a close friend of hers. The name of her salon is Hermosa Beauty Salon. In her salon, they do much more than just hair. They do Hair, makeup,hair dyes, eyebrows and much more. she became a cosmetologist because it was and is a passion. She loves everything when it comes to cosmetics. She liked it all so much, she studies cosmetics, and after 2,000 hours of training, she got her degree in cosmetology from Razzle Dazzle. She then continued and opened up her salon. According to her, there are many downfalls to having your own shop. One of those being the customers. The customers, when she has a long day, are sometimes rude. One tip she told said was â€Å"be careful for the rude ones, you need to be nice even if they are the rudest people ever.† Along with that, she has many likes and dislike about her job/ career. some more dislike are that sometime one has a really slow day. When one has a slow day, one don’t get as many customers coming through the doors. The fact that your own personal schedule has revolve around your work schedule is anot her con on having your own shop. Sometimes, you work even eight to twelve hour (if not longer)shifts, seven days a week. On the upside, the fact of having a slow day, you get to go home earlier, and you get to practice a little more. Another good thing about her job is that it is â€Å"fast and easy† money(depending on how well known your shop is). If you are well-known, you get paid a decent amount of money. Adding on to the pros, you get to meet many different personalities, good or bad. Because you get to see different personalities come in and out of the door, you get to interact with them, you get to learn how to cope with all kinds of personalities. You just need to learn how to get along. All in all, cosmetology, it isn’t just about dealing with hair. Cosmetology is about: hair, makeup, nails, face, feet, your entire body. Cosmetology isn’t just a job. Cosmetology is a passion, a passion that not everybody has. It is a talent; a talent that most people wish they had. There is a ton of work involved in becoming a cosmetologist. It is not an â€Å"easy-way-out† career like most say. It is a career that in the end, pays off. This career,  it is one that will be sticking around for quite some time, as long as society needs it(society will be needing it for quite some time). Since there will always be a demand for cosmetics, cosmetology will always be around. Cosmetology, in order to be an actual cosmetologist, you need to go through a ton of training(2000+ hours). It is not a career in which you can get your degree in in about a day. There is a lot more needed than most think there is. The cosmetologist degree isn’t, in my opinion, it isnâ₠¬â„¢t a degree for those who want an easy way out. It is for those that actually have a passion for cosmetics.Cosmetology is and will be a challenging and very fulfilling career. Works Cited â€Å"Cosmetology Careers and Cosmetology Education Information.† What Is Cosmetology? N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Sept. 2013.Ganchy, Sally. A Career as a Cosmetologist. New York: Rosen Pub., 2013. Print. Korman, Lorraine. â€Å"Cosmetology Career Starter 2e Paperback – January 1, 2002.†Cosmetology Career Starter 2e: LearningExpress Editors: 9781576853979: Amazon.com: Books. Learning Express, 2002. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. Learning Express. Cosmetology Certification Exam. New York, NY: LearningExpress, 2009. Print. Ley, Samantha, and Demand Media. â€Å"What Kind of Education Is Required to Be a Cosmetologist?† Work. Demand Media, 2013. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. Milady/Cengage Learning. Exam Review for Milady Standard Cosmetology 2012. Clifton Park, New York: Milady/Cengage Learning, 2012. Print. Paterson, Anne, ed. Careers in Focus. Second ed. Chicago, IL: Ferguson Pub., 2000. Print. Rosenberg-McKay, Dawn. â€Å"Cosmetologists, Hairdressers and Related Jobs: Career Informat ion.† About.com Career Planning. About.com Guide, 2013. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. Thompson, Lauren. â€Å"Why Is Cosmetology Important to Society?† EHow. Demand Media, 07 Oct. 2009. Web. 10 Oct. 2013. http://www.beautyschoolsdirectory.com/faq/cosmetology.php http://work.chron.com/kind-education-required-cosmetologist-10688.html http://careerplanning.about.com/cs/occupations/p/cosmetology.htm http://www.ehow.com/about_5507200_cosmetology-important-society.html#ixz 2 hC57 LnVn

How Much Oxygen Does One Tree Produce

Youve probably heard that trees produce oxygen, but have you ever wondered just how much oxygen one tree makes? The amount of oxygen produced by a tree depends on several factors, including its species, age, health, and surroundings. A tree produces a different amount of oxygen in summer compared to winter. So, there is no definitive value. Here are some typical calculations: A mature leafy tree produces as much oxygen in a season as 10 people inhale in a year. A single mature tree can absorb carbon dioxide at a rate of 48 pounds per year and release enough oxygen back into the atmosphere to support two human beings.​ One acre of trees annually consumes the amount of carbon dioxide equivalent to that produced by driving an average car for 26,000 miles. That same acre of trees also produces enough oxygen for 18 people to breathe for a year.​ A 100-foot tree, 18 inches diameter at its base, produces 6,000 pounds of oxygen. On average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year. Two mature trees can provide enough oxygen for a family of four. Mean net annual oxygen production (after accounting for decomposition) per hectare of trees (100% tree canopy) offsets oxygen consumption of 19 people per year (8 people per acre of tree cover), but ranges from nine people per hectare of canopy cover (4 people/ac cover) in Minneapolis, Minnesota, to 28 people/ha cover (12 people/ac cover) in Calgary, Alberta. Notes About Numbers Note there are three ways to look at the amount of oxygen produced: One type of calculation simply looks at the average amount of oxygen produced via photosynthesis.A second calculation looks at net oxygen production, which is the amount made during photosynthesis minus the amount the tree uses.A third calculation compares the net oxygen production in terms of gas available for humans to breathe. Its also important to remember that trees not only release oxygen but also consume carbon dioxide. However, trees perform photosynthesis during daylight hours. At night, they use oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Sources McAliney, Mike. Arguments for Land Conservation: Documentation and Information Sources for Land Resources Protection, Trust for Public Land, Sacramento, CA, December  1993.Nowak, David J.; Hoehn, Robert; Crane, Daniel E. Oxygen Production by Urban Trees in the United States. Arboriculture Urban Forestry 2007. 33(3):220–226.Stancil, Joanna Mounce. The Power of One Tree - The Very Air We Breathe. U.S. Department of Agriculture. March 17, 2015.Villazon, Luis. How many trees does it take to produce oxygen for one person? BBC Science Focus Magazine.

Teenage Pregnancy and Moral Taboo - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 673 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/04/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Teenage Pregnancy Essay Did you like this example? In todays society, it is not unusual to correlate teenage pregnancy with a form of moral taboo. Though humanity does not embrace this issue, amongst 15 to 17-year-olds, the pregnancy rate is 38.7 per 1,000 girls as of 2017. Within the United States alone, the same age group contributes 11% of births total. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Teenage Pregnancy and Moral Taboo" essay for you Create order When teenagers become sexually active, the risk of unwanted pregnancy becomes increasingly present. An individual who conceives a child before adulthood will ultimately be burdened with tasks and stresses most adults struggle with before escaping childhood themselves. By creating emotional and bodily pain, damaging relationships, and altered educational and or occupational agendas, teenage pregnancy proves to disrupt the life and health of a young adult. A study made by Barbara Wolfe and Maria Perozek shows that teens bearing children remarkably affected, and modified, the ratio of children who were said to be in excellent health and the proportions with acute or persistent conditions. However, mother and baby alike are going to experience medical difficulties during pregnancy and the birthing process. While not all teenage mothers are affected by mental or emotional health changes, many and close to most are. Adolescent parenthood is associated with a range of adverse outcomes for young mothers, including mental health problems such as depression, substance abuse, and post-traumatic stress disorder. (Hodgkinson et al.) During the pregnancy and often times after, young moms are faced with stress and this disrupts the stability of ones mental state. Though the care of an infant may exacerbate psychological anguish, mental and emotional health can be challenged by the environments that contain your life. Beyond the pain found in the mind, there is also pain present in the body. Pregnant teenagers are more likely to develop preeclampsia, anemia, excessive internal and external bleeding during labor; premature delivery also occurs regularly. Becoming a teen parent also puts a strain on relationships and social standings. According to Kristin Luker, author of Dubious Concepts: The Politics of Teenage Pregnancy, The idea that a pregnant unmarried woman would show herself not only in public but in schools, where the minds of innocent children could be corrupted was more unthinkable still. (Luker 2). For fear of humiliation, scrutiny, and or social ridicule, finding pregnant teens in public let alone the classroom becomes increasingly difficult. Though nearly 80% of teenage parents have a partner who was five years within their own age (Luker 2)., teen dads are seemingly invisible to the public eye. Where families and friends are concerned, there are definite changes in these bonds and relationships. Reactions to the pregnancy of a teen may vary depending on the structure and stability of a family or friendship. Having a child in teenage years is socially frowned upon and considered morally wrong, and as a result, it is not uncommon for relatives or friends to experience a falling out. Even after delivery, parenthood is a struggle and dictates most of the decisions made from that moment on. Therefore, whether it was intentional or not, becoming a teen parent takes focus from a social life to focus on a child. Arthur Campbell once famously wrote, the girl who has an illegitimate c hild at the age of 16 suddenly has 90% of her life script written for her. (Hoffman 1.) Though this is true, even if the mother is 14, 16 or 18, there will be many hardships. Once there is a child present the equation for life plans changes completely. Plans for an educational and or occupational future are morphed into plans for keeping the child safe and well cared for. Director of HEW, Joseph Califano is quoted saying, Teenage pregnancy-the entry into parenthood of individuals who barely are beyond childhood themselves- is one of the most serious and complex problems facing the nation today ¦The birth of a child can usher in a dismissal future of unemployment, poverty, family breakdown, emotional stress, dependency on public agencies and health problems of mother and child. (Luker 73). Teenage pregnancy is indeed a serious yet complex issue that leaves many unestablished children, in a sense, with several difficulties that go beyond wellness and health.

Analysis of the Character of Mrs. Linde in A Dolls House

The American author Napoleon Hill once stated â€Å"think twice before you speak, because your words and influence will plant the seed of either success or failure in the mind of another.† In Henrick Ibsen’s play A Doll’s House, the character of Mrs. Linde contributes to the exposition and pivotal moment of the decideding factors of Krogstad, she also has a profound influence on the character development of Nora Helmer. Mrs. Linde directly contributes to Nora’s moment of realization and Nora’s decision to leave her husband at the end of the play. Woman within Ibsen’s time period were often considered lesser in comparison to men, and typically within a marriage the woman was considered an accessory rather than an equal. But in the case of Mrs.†¦show more content†¦Nora is able to form a rational decision in leaving her home for the benefit of her family. This reveals that Mrs. Linde and Nora have underlying similarities within their characteristics. They are both self-sacrificial, working in order to help their families; however, Nora was only able to come to this realization through the aid of Mrs. Linde. The main focus of Act III tackles the predetermined distinctions between the husband and wife, not the conflict between Krogstad and Nora. In order to draw attention to the marital relations between Nora and Helmer, Ibsen eliminates any other distractions and concludes other subplots that might draw attention away from the main plot. Ibsen uses the character of Mrs. Linde to remove Krogstad from the role of the antagonist by reconstructing their broken relationship, in order to increase the awareness of Nora and Torvald’s unstable relationship. This contributes to Nora’s relinquishment of her â€Å"doll-wife† existence, relieving herself of her â€Å"most sacred duties,† as a mother and wife in her final decision to leave her husband at the end of Act III. By placing Mrs. Linde in the role of the mediator, Ibsen is striving to eliminate the idea that women are only capable of causing trouble. He distinctly contrasts Mrs. Linde to Nora making Nora the troub le maker, and Mrs. Linde the problem solver. This trait, influenced by Mrs. Linde, radiates in Nora in the climactic moment when she decidesShow MoreRelatedWomens Role in Society Analyzed and Debated in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House918 Words   |  4 Pagesof women in society has been analyzed and frequently debated throughout history. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House is no exception to the rule. In Norway, and during the Victorian period in history, women’s responsibilities were simply to keep house or do small jobs on the side such as sewing or light secretarial work. Henrik Ibsen may have had several intentions when writing his play A Doll’s House, but the one that stands out so clearly is the role of women in the time period from which the playRead MoreA Dolls House -H.Ibsen ,Critical Analysis1554 Words   |  7 Pages: Henrik Johan Ibsen Genre : Realistic Modern Drama Name of the Work / Play : A Doll’s House ( 1897 ) in three acts Characters : Major Characters / Minor Characters Nora Helmer ( wife of Torvald Helmer ,mother of three children ) Torvald Helmer( husband of Nora Helmer , a lawyer ,father of three children ) Dr. Rank ( doctor ,friend of Nora Torvald Helmer, confidant ,commentator ) Mrs. Kristine Linde ( old friend of Nora Helmer ) Nils Krogstad ( barrister , old lover of Kristine ,fatherRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House944 Words   |  4 PagesMy character analysis is based on Nora and Torvald Helmer and the progression of their relationship from the play â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrik Ibsen. Both Torvald and Nora Helmer played as major characters but were flat and static in the beginning. Nora with her childlike and submissive behavior toward her husband of eight years and Torvald with a stereotypical point of view. Developing this trait as a child from her father Nora believed this was an acceptable behavior for her marriage. And TorvaldRead MoreA Doll S House 13753 Words   |  16 Pagesï » ¿A Doll’s House Themes Marriage Women and Femininity Men and Masculinity The Home Respect and Reputation Love Lies and Deceit Money    Love and Marriage As a play focused around the marriage between  Nora  and  Torvald,  A Doll s House  can be seen as an exploration of love and marriage, or even, more profoundly, on whether there can be love in marriage. At the beginning of the play, Nora and Torvald appear to be very happily married, even to themselves. Nora talks joyfully about her love for TorvaldRead MoreAnalysis Of A Doll s House 1005 Words   |  5 PagesA Doll’s House is an iconic play focusing on the themes of respect and reputation, lies and deceit, men and masculinity, and women and femininity. It emphasizes physical aspects of women, while excluding influence on the men s appearance, giving insight into the time period. It shows how society judged others while presenting information about how reputation influenced relationships and marriage, leaving the audience pondering what would have happened to the Helmer family if Nora had been unattractiveRead MoreA Critics Opinion of a Dolls House1743 Words   |   7 PagesDestiny Maxfield Mrs. Collar Engl. 1302 19 November 2012 A Critic’s Opinion of A Doll’s House In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House many views could be seen from both sides of the gender world. Critics will argue about the true meaning of the story and why Ibsen wrote the story. The main points of the play that critics discuss are sexuality i.e. feminism, the wrong doing of the father figure, and spiritual revolution. I believe these critics are each right in their own way from my understanding of theRead More A Dolls House: A Push To Freedom Essay examples1371 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Sometime after the publication of quot;A Dolls Housequot;, Henrik Ibsen spoke at a meeting of the Norwegian Association for Womens Rights. He explained to the group, quot;I must decline the honor of being said to have worked for the Womens Rights movement. I am not even very sure what Womens Rights are. To me it has been a question of human rightsquot; ( ). quot;A Dolls Housequot; is often interpreted by readers, teachers, and critics alike as an attackRead MoreRealism Theatre Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pagessymbolism, character development, stage setting and storyline and is exemplified in plays such as Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Anton Chekhovs The Three Sisters. The arrival of realism was indeed good for theatre as it promoted greater audience involvement and raised awareness of contemporary social and moral issues. It also provided and continues to provide a medium through which playwrights can express their views about societal values, attitudes and morals. A Dolls House is the tragedyRead MoreAn Analysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House 970 Words   |  4 PagesA Doll’s House Ashleen Kaushal TOPIC: The theme of heredity in the play I. Introduction Henrik Ibsen’s three-act play, A Doll’s House, follows a seemingly typical housewife as she becomes painfully aware of the flaws in her marriage with a condescending, chauvinistic man. Ibsen uses the ideology of a Victorian society as a backdrop to inject the theme of heredity in the play. He employs several characters to demonstrate the different facets of heredity in order to highlight how this conceptRead MoreA Dolls House Character Analysis1504 Words   |  7 PagesSometimes, characters in a novel or play go through a great dynamic change only to find their true self and to remove the fraudulent perception of themselves in the eyes of others. Such a change leads the character to become fully aware of their life as well as finally understand what a hypocritical life they have mistakenly led. At the beginning of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, Nora Helmer is shown as a childish and na ve housewife with a knack for spending money. This opinion is transf erred mostly

Freeman Lockyer Buckhurst Park Properties â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Freeman Lockyer Buckhurst Park Properties? Answer: Introducation The law of agency is a relationship that is established amid the principal (employer) and an agent (employee) with the core that the agent is the authorised representative of the principal and he must act as per the desires and expectations of the principal. Any act which is conducted by an agent within the authority that is derived from him by the principal will make the principal liable.[1] However, when the agent is furnishing his actions within the scope of power that is derived by him through the principal it is necessary that there are few duties which must also be catered by such an agent. The duties are extremely important because breach of the said duties results in bringing repercussions upon an agent. Some of the important duties include: Duty not to make secret profit Whenever an agent is acting on behalf of the principal and during the course of his actions there are transaction through which an agent can make profit then it is the duty of the agent to pay such profit to the principal. If the agent without informing the principal make monetary gain to himself then it is nothing but a failure of the duty to not to make secret profits and is held in Provincial Insurance AustraliaPty Ltdv Consolidated WoodProducts Pty Ltd[2] Duty to remain the information of the principal confidential when the agent is acting on behalf of the principal, then there are various information of the principal to which he gets acquainted with. It is the duty of every agent that he must not disclose such information to any person in whatsoever manner unless the principal has allowed him to do so. If the agent reveal such information then it is nothing but the breach of duty and is held in Thornley v Tilley[3]. Duty to act in careful and diligent manner Every act of the agent must be carried out with utmost care and diligence and is held in Chaudry v Prabhakar[4]. Fiduciary duty The relationship of an agent and a principal is based on trust and honesty. If the agent acts in any manner that brings loss to the principal or which is detrimental to the interest of the principal then the duty to cat in fiduciary manner is violated by the agent and is held in News Ltd v South Sydney District Rugby LeagueFootball ClubLtd[5]. Thus, these are some of the duties that must be cater by every agent. Application of Law In the Perth inner city area, the estate agent is Jeremy and he is in the services of Aspirational Developments Pty Ltd where he is selling high-rise units off the plan. However, during his course as an agent there are various duties that are breached by him. that is: Jeremy through his friend gets aware that one of the other developers are in difficulties and thus he is expecting that the units he is selling will become expensive. In order to make profits he purchases three units without informing his principal. He makes profits from the same. It is submitted that he breaches his duty of avoiding conflict of interest and makes secret profits. Thus, as per Provincial Insurance AustraliaPty Ltdv Consolidated WoodProducts Pty Ltd, he is under legal obligation to return the profits so made to is principal; Also, he discloses the confidential information of his principal to many people against a small amo8unt of money. He is duty bound to not to disclose confidential information to any persona and thus by indulging in the said act he has violated his duty as an agent and is held in Thornley v Tilley. He also violated his duty of care and diligence and his fiduciary duty. Thus, there are several duties that are violated by Jeremy as rightly held in Chaudry v Prabhakar and News Ltd v South Sydney District Rugby LeagueFootball ClubLtd. Conclusion Since Jeremy is in violation o several duties as an agent thus Aspirational Developments Pty Ltd has every right to sue Jeremy and claim the secret profits that are earned by him. also, Aspirational Developments Pty Ltd an sue Jeremy for the loss of income that is suffered by Aspirational Developments Pty Ltd because of leak of confidential information to public. Reference List Tomasic, Roman,Bottomley,Stephen, McQueen, Rob, business Law in Australia, (Federation Press, 2002). Thampapillai et al, , Australian Commercial Law, (Cambridge University Press,03-Jul-2015) A L Underwood v Bank of Liverpool[1924] 1 KB 775. Chaudry v Prabhakar (1989). Equiticorp Finance Ltd (in liq)v Bank of New Zealand(1993) 32 NSWLR 50. Freeman and Lockyer v Buckhurst Park Properties(Mangal) Ltd [1964] 2 QB 480. Hely-Hutchinson vBrayhead Ltd [1967] 1 QB 549. News Ltd v South Sydney District Rugby LeagueFootball ClubLtd (2003). Provincial Insurance AustraliaPty Ltdv Consolidated WoodProducts Pty Ltd (1991) 25 NSWLR 541. Thornley v Tilley (1925) [1] Dilan Thampapillai, Vivi Tan, Claudio Bozzi, Anne Matthew, Australian Commercial Law, (Cambridge University Press,03-Jul-2015). [2] Provincial Insurance AustraliaPty Ltdv Consolidated WoodProducts Pty Ltd (1991) Management. [3] Thornley v Tilley (1925). [4] Chaudry v Prabhakar (1989). [5] News Ltd v South Sydney District Rugby LeagueFootball ClubLtd (2003).

Medical Devices FDA Essays - Food And Drug Administration

Medical Devices FDA Magnetic Resonance division designs, manufactures, and installs MRI systems and associated equipment for the worldwide medical diagnostic imaging market. In addition, Marconi MR imports MRI systems from Nordstar (located in Helsinki, Finland) and installs them in the United States. Associated equipment includes surface coils and physician viewing stations. Surface coils are specialized transducers, which, when used with an MRI machine, produce high-quality images of specific portions of the anatomy. MR designs, manufactures, and installs surface coils as well. Marconi Medical Systems as a whole, is a transnational corporation. While retaining its strength in the United Stated, MR's products have achieved global recognition. Strengths in markets such as Europe and South America have opened doors to Asian countries such as Japan and China. MR has a variety of customers, but focuses primarily on hospitals and imaging centers. MR customers expect high quality systems that are easy to use, have low operating cost, high throughput, and can support new technology. An MR system must provide superior image quality and offer a range of imaging techniques to support diagnosis. Given the high cost of the equipment ($900,000 on average), customers expect smoothly installed, easy to operate, reliable, low maintenance equipment that provides a solid return on investment. To make all this possible, Marconi must pass the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) stringent policies and procedures for the safe and effective use of a medical device. Advantages of MRI Unlike x-ray based medical diagnostic techniques such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy are techniques that do not employ ionizing radiation. As such, it is considered to be less hazardous than other x-ray imaging techniques. In addition, since x-rays can only discriminate different tissues by electron density, which does not vary greatly between soft tissues, the injection of contrast media is often necessary. In MRI, however, there are a number of tissue specific parameters which can affect magnetic resonance (MR) signals. One of the most important advantages of MRI is its capacity for displaying soft tissue contrast. An example of this capacity is the discrimination between the gray and white matter of the brain that can be accomplished with MRI. Image contrast can be tailored to the specific clinical application so that specific types of pathology are emphasized. In addition, since MRI is unobstructed by bone, it is especially beneficial in imaging of the brain and spinal cord. MRI also has the unique ability to acquire images in numerous planes without repositioning the patient. Three-dimensional recreations of anatomic structure can be obtained. These characteristics render MRI a very effective and important tool for soft tissue imaging. Regulations Products meeting the definition of a device under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act or "the Act") are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Medical devices are subject to general controls and other controls in the FD&C Act. General controls of the FD&C Act are the baseline requirements that apply to all medical device manufacturers. Unless specifically exempted, medical devices must be properly labeled and packaged, be cleared for marketing by the FDA, meet their labeling claims, and be manufactured under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), which is a mandated quality assurance system. FDA regulates devices to assure their safety and effectiveness. To fulfill provisions of the FD&C Act, FDA develops rules to regulate devices intended for human use. These rules regulate various aspects of the design, clinical evaluation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, commercial distribution, and postmarket surveillance of devices. These regulations are published in the Federal Register. Final regulations are codified annually in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). What is a Medical Device? The definition of a device appears in section 201(h) of the FD&C Act. A device is: "...an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent, or other similar or related article, including a component, part, or accessory, which is: recognized in the official National Formulary, or the United States Pharmacopeia, or any supplement to them, intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, in man or other animals, or intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals, and which does not achieve any of its primary intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body of man or other animals and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of any of its primary intended purposes..." Accessories and Components Certain components such as blood tubing sets, major diagnostic x-ray components, and stand-alone software