Butler Lumber Essays

Butler Lumber Essays Butler Lumber Paper Butler Lumber Paper Why has Butler Lumber borrowed increasing amounts despite its consistent profitability? How has Mr.. Butler met the financing needs of the company during the period 1 988 through 1 990? (It would be helpful to develop a cash flow analysis (use vs.. Source) and the cash flow statement based upon the income statement and the balance sheet provided in the case for the period of 1988 to 1990. Through the period of 1988 to 1 990 Mark Butler has met the needs of financing through decreasing the amount of cash the company carries, by increasing bank loans, by increasing the size of accounts payable, and by carrying net income over into retained earnings. The needs of this cash was generated by the loan to Mr.. Stark as M. B. Needed this money to buy out Mr.. Starks share in the company, an increase in account receivable, an increase in inventories, and an increase in fixed assets. Working capital turned out to make up a use Of 68% during the years 1 988 to 1990. The buy out of Mr.. Stark made up 22% of the use of cash. Source bank note payable 49%, trading credit 28%, retained earnings 16%. All in all Mr.. Butler has been using the wrong sort of financing to raise funds. If you were to make a comparison as to how Mr.. Butler has been generating funds thus far it would be like financing a mortgage with a credit card. 2. Has the financial strength of Butler Lumber improved or deteriorated? The ratios show that the strength of Butler Lumber is slowly deteriorating. Their current ratio has been slowly going down from 1. To 1 2, if this continues it will only be a matter often until Butler Lumber will no longer be able to cover their current liabilities with their current assets. Along with this the company is growing more and more leveraged from 54. 5% in 1988 to 71. % in 1992. As their working capital decreased through the years and into the projection BAL average payment period is increasing from 35 days to 47 days. It will not be long until t heir vendors grow tired of the slow payments, not to mention the fact that BAL is not taking advantage of the vendors 2% discount by paying in ten days from the purchase. Bless times interest earned is growing smaller also. In 1988 Bless TIE figure was 3. 8 but now the estimated figure for 1992 is 1. 9. This means that Bless BIT is becoming increasingly lower relative to the interest that they must pay out on loans. . Does rapid sales growth always result in a need for substantial external finance? (Hints: exam asset management, does the efficiency of using assets at Butler align with its rapid sales growth? ) In this case MBA needed a loan to buy out Mr.. Starks interest so that in itself caused a need for external financing. Generally when companies experience rapid sales growth they do need substantial external financing. As sales increase accounts such as A/P, A/ R, and inventory always increase also, which creates a demand for more funds, for instance in net working capital. This is needed so that the business can operate smoothly, make their payments on time, absorb increases in accrued expenses, and meet the needs of countless other needs of cash that come along with increases in sales. The speed at which sales are growing is the reason why a company needs external financing, assuming that the company doesnt have a rich uncle with 4. How attractive is it to take the trade discounts? A 2% percent discount will result in a savings of $41000 in 1991 and $60,000 in 1 992, which will increase net income significantly to 58,000 in 1991 and $73,000 in 1992. The increased savings in net income will show up in retained earnings and will provide a source of cash for the coming year which will in turn reduce the amount of external financing that the company needs. The annual cost of not taking this discount works out to be 20% Once again this shows that Mr.. Butler is not using the best source of financing because he could take out a loan at a much lower rate of interest to pay his bills in 10 days and save quite a bit of money. 5. Do you agree with Mr.. Butlers estimate of the companys loan requirements? That is, will a credit line of $465,000 be sufficient to meet the Meanys needs beyond 1 991 if it takes the trade discounts? How much will Mr.. Butler need to finance the expected expansion in sales to $3. 6 million in 1991 and to take all trade discounts? (Develop projected income statement and balance sheet, and then estimate the financial needs. ) If MBA takes the 465,000 line of credit and does not take the trade discount he will be able to operate through the year of 1991 but he will need even more money to continue into 1992. By not taking the trade discount BAL will not be running very efficiently and their current ratio will continue to get worse. If Mr.. Butler does take the trade discount the projected external financing for 1991 is $666,000 so it seems that the 465 thousand line of credit will not be enough for BAL to continue experiencing the rapid growth. 6. Would you, as Mr.. Dodge, agree to lend Butler the money needed? This is a tough call based just upon these numbers. It seems a bit risky for the bank to extend this financing to BAL. I do not have industry figures or what the current home building growth is projected to be. It mentions in the book that MBA thinks that even if home building slows residential remodeling will continue to rive his sales. I think that Mr.. Dodge should recommend BAL to scale back sales growth to a more manageable rate. 33% sales growth per year is very high. History shows us growth at this rate never continues year after year. Additionally, growth at this rate generally causes financial problems and lower chances for the companys survival over the long run. As things are going right now Mr.. Dodge probably would not grant this loan. 7. What are the alternatives open to Mr.. Butler if Mr.. Dodge refuses his request for an increased credit line?

Rabindranath Tagore Essays

Rabindranath Tagore Essays Rabindranath Tagore Essay Rabindranath Tagore Essay Tagore being an active politician of his age has written numerous literary works on his ideologies about the social, economic, and political situation of India. He seeks the re-establishment and reconstruction of the old ideas and ideologies and seeks new ones as well.Tagore was not keen for the attainment of political freedom. He believed that unless there is not an atmasakti in us, we cannot be worthy of freedom. Tagore believed that spiritual liberation was an integral part in the attainment of political and social liberation. Emphasizing on this idea of atmasakti, he said that in order to regain atmasakti, regeneration of rural society was essential. He made an effort in forming a rural society where there will be a social hierarchy and at the top of the hierarchy, there will be a Samajpati through whom the people would be able to maintain contact with everybody in society. He said that regeneration of rural society was possible by encouraging yatras, folk -songs and organizing village fairs. We can see that he establishes this idea in his play, The Post-office. Here he presents an ideal village scenario where the King is the Samajpati through whom the villagers are connected. He wanted self-sufficiency of the villages like old times. Though, his attempts failed in forming this kind of a society.Defending his idea of a hierarchical state he displays in his play, The King and the Queen, the sympathetic Queen eventually rebels against the callousness of state policy toward the hungry. She begins by inquiring about the ugly sounds outside the palace, only to be told that the noise is coming from the coarse, clamorous crowd who howl unashamedly for food and disturb the sweet peace of the palace. The Vice regal office in India could have taken a similarly callous view of Indian famines, right up to the easily preventable Bengal famine of 1943, just before independence, which killed between two and three million people. But a government in a multi-party democracy, with elections and free newspapers, cannot any longer dismiss the noise from the coarse, clamorous crowd.Occasionally Tagore took part in the deliberations of the Bengal Provincial Conference held annually since 1890 with his young nephews and expected the leaders to speak in Bengali rather than English. He insisted that the Englishman in India was an external fact and that the country was the truest and complete fact: Try to build up your country by your own strength because realization becomes complete through creation. Hence, Tagore advocated that we can only realize our own self in the country if we seek to create the country we wish to live in by our thought, our activity and our service. He criticizes the character of the King, as he is wasting the countrys potential by his lack of determination and irresponsible attitude. Tagore affirms that a homeland is the creation of the mind and that is why the soul realizes itself on its own experience in the mo therland (as the King does not attend the council house or the streets of his kingdom he does not experience and see the devastating conditions of his country). Tagore believed the country would attain a form of salvation only when all of its parts pulsated with passion for the recovery of the motherland (the Kings kingdom, in The Lovers Gift, could not attain salvation as the government officers were corrupt). Hence, Tagores method for liberation was an internal and an intellectual movement which he wanted to present.The word alien in the first act of, The Lovers Gift is an indirect reference to the Britishers; the King in the first act says, Banish all the foreign robbers from my kingdom this moment. This is Tagores voice to banish the Britishers from the subcontinent. He wants them banished, but he also asserts through the play that until and unless the countrys leaders and the citizens do not have that atmasakti then this freedom from the Britishers is useless, (as the King hims elf would not probably prove to be a good leader even when the foreigners would be banished.) Instilling national pride, he believed that India must earn her freedom. The role of the leader in a state is very important.Tagores passion for freedom underlies his firm opposition to unreasoned traditionalism, which makes one a prisoner of the past. He firmly disapproved of dictatorship and imperialism which the Mughals and the British Raj represented, by portraying the careless and irresponsible King in the play, The Lovers Gift.In December 1903 the government decided on the partition of Bengal. The Bengali Muslims welcomed the proposal whereas the Bengali Hindus deeply opposed the idea and retaliated. So, Amritsar massacre of April 13, 1919, took place in which 379 unarmed people at a peaceful meeting were gunned down by the army, and two thousand more were wounded. Tagore strongly disapproved of the idea of punishment, so he wrote a letter to the Viceroy of India, asking to be relieve d of the knighthood he had accepted four years earlier. Referring this to the play, The Lovers Gift, we see that the King by attacking Kashmir is indirectly punishing Queen for leaving him not realizing the severe consequences that the people would face.Tagore establishes a new political idea with its focus on individual and humanistic approach towards the set ideas. The novel Gora exemplifies Tagores vision of new, syncrestic India, rising above the considerations of caste, community and race. The character Gora is a staunch Hindu and a believer in nationalism (nationalism with its emphasis on self-respect and preservation of tradition). He focuses on Goras process of self-realization and a change from a nationalist to an internationalist. Gora projects himself as a true Indian to whom neither caste nor race nor nationality can inhibit. He is shown as a symbol of the rising nationalism of the twentieth century.Rabindranath rebelled against the strongly nationalist form that the ind ependence movement often took refrained him from taking a particularly active part in contemporary politics. He wanted to assert Indias right to be independent without denying the importance of what India could learn, freely and profitably from abroad.I invited thinkers and scholars from foreign lands to let our boys know how easy it is to realize our common fellowship, when we deal with those who are great, and that it is the puny who with their petty vanities set up barriers between man and man. (Rabindranath Tagore 1929).He wanted Indians to learn what is going on elsewhere, how others lived, what they valued, and so on, while remaining interested and involved in their own culture and heritage. Unlike Gandhi, Tagore did not resent the development of modern industries in India, or the acceleration of technical progress. Tagore was concerned that people not be dominated by machines, but he was not opposed to making good use of modern technology.Tagores criticism on patriotism is a persistent theme in his writings. He believed patriotism can limit both the freedom to engage ideas from outside narrow domestic walls and the freedom also to support the causes of people in other countries. As early as 1908, he put this in a letter replying to the criticism of Abala Bose, the wife of a great Indian scientist, Jagadish Chandra Bose: Patriotism cannot be our final spiritual shelter; my refuge is humanity. I will not buy glass for the price of diamonds, and I will never allow patriotism to triumph over humanity as long as I live. Tagore presents this idea through the character of Kumarsen in the play, The Lovers Gift; he surrendered to King Vikram in the name of patriotism but the fact is that the position of his people remains the same, they will be subjugated by the Kings army anyhow- his sacrifice is useless.He wants a new kind of leadership which is sincere, dignified and not dependent. Tagore presses for more room for reasoning, and for a less traditionalist view , a greater interest in the rest of the world, and more respect for science and for objectivity generally. In his play, The Lovers Gift, Tagore mocks such political leaders who for their own selfish reasons exploit the whole nation. He has drawn a caricature out of the Kings character to show a contrast to the character Kumarsen; the King becomes a foil for Kumarsen. Kumarsen shows extreme patriotism by surrendering his life for his people and his peoples respect for him was so intense that they tried to hide him knowing that teir lives were at stake. Here, Tagore also presents the idea that political leaders, like the King, are just wasting the countrys potential by wasting it on insignificant words and means which are neither practical nor propitious. Tagores disillusionment with contemporary Indian politics found expression in the following poem of Kadi O Komol:Tell me not to sing please do notAre we assembled here to seek cheap fame, to getApplause by weaving mere words,To pass the night uttering insincere speechesAnd earning false fame?Who will wake up today and plunge into action?Who wants to wipe out our Mothers shame?Tagore had a set concept of Indian womanhood. He re-established and re-affirms the state of woman in accordance with the old ideas. He believed that a womans domain differs from that of a man that is why her role in politics is limited. He disapproved of the fact that young girls were holding revolvers killed or tried to kill the British administrators. He told Dillip Kumar Roy;I do not think that woman stands to gain in the long run by rushing out into the open as a fellow-scabbler of her mate for the same laurels She could never be at home in the sphere of masculine rough and tumble activities.In his play The Lovers Gift he presents this belief; the Queen, though a strong character, leaves her husband to fight for her country but returns to the King humbly asking his pardon, she could not fight for her brother, all she could do was surre nder herself.Rabindranath insisted on open debate on every issue, and distrusted conclusions based on a mechanical formula, no matter how attractive that formula might seem in isolation (such as This was forced on us by our colonial masters we must reject it, This is our tradition-we must follow it, We have promised to do this-we must fulfill that promise, and so on). The question he persistently asks is whether we have reason enough to want what is being proposed, taking everything into account. Important as history is, reasoning has to go beyond the past. It is in the sovereignty of reasoning-fearless reasoning in freedom-that we can find Rabindranath Tagores lasting voice.

Implementing Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Implementing Strategies - Essay Example The leader supervises activities within the organization and helps the employees to accomplish their objectives through generating enthusiasm and motivating them, which is important in enhancing their productivity. Jimmy Collins has devised a model of "Level 5 Leadership"(Collins, 2001). This essay is an evaluation of my style of leadership using this hierarchy as the frame of reference, which includes an analysis of various strengths and weaknesses. The behavioral theory of leadership has also been discussed. At level one is the highly capable person but he can work best as an individual than in a team. This kind of leadership style is useful in situations where personal output is needed rather than team work. The may only be required to supervise in order to ensure that the product is of good quality without intervening in the production stage. In the University where I work as an Admission and Recruitment Supervisor, team work is highly appreciated to supplement personal capabilities. This is because there might happen to be some weaknesses in recruiting as an individual. I therefore have to demonstrate level two of Collin’s leadership style whereby I participate in team work, contributing my abilities in one of my role as a leader of the Marketing Steering Committee in order to create and maintain a positive and consistent image of the University in the community by creating an integrated marketing strategy that aligns all University academic and services departments’ ma rketing goals upon the University’s Strategic Priorities. As a leader of my team, I demonstrate a high level of management capability through creativity, flexibility and adaptation. I have the strength of initiating new innovative practices and experimentation with new ideas. I have strong planning capabilities whereby I demonstrate competence in selecting the team which has to have good

Discussion 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion 1 - Essay Example It would also involve gathering of insects, eggs or even hunting birds and animals (Andersen & Taylor, 2011). These activities require women to have sophisticated knowledge on trapping skills, fishing and even root and tuber searching. Tools such as digging sticks, bows, knives and fishing nets are used in the activities mentioned above. Women are also involved in cultivation of crops such as tubers, roots and even grains in gardens using ordinary hand tools such as hoes. The status of women has been impacted negatively because they are not empowered. In the societies above, women are required to stay close to their homes to take care of the children. They are required to bear children and work hard to provide for them. Therefore, they stay around homesteads and dig in the gardens around them. In this context, the women are home makers and cannot explore distant areas like their male counterparts. This situation has made women be left out in contributing to economic development within the foraging and horticultural based societies. This has resulted to women spending much of their time in gathering, hunting and taking care of the family. The situation above is being experienced in developing countries such as those within Asia. In such societies, women would even bear many children so that food procurement becomes easy because such a step would increase the labor force. On the other hand, their American counterparts contribute to economic development of their nation. In fact, most of them spend most of their time working and would even earn more than their husbands. Here, women have fewer children that they can easily manage, and this allows them to focus on their careers. To the American women, food is not a problem, and they do not spend much time in accessing it. In such societies, processed food is used, and it requires them to buy it, and present it for consumption. This brings out the difference between

Jewish Holy Days Essay Example for Free

Jewish Holy Days Essay Roy Rehberg Jewish Holy Days Paper Many different religions celebrate holidays of all kinds. Throughout history, each religion has developed their own traditions. These traditions are important as they have been traced back through our ancestors and provide a valuable lesson on how important traditions are. Judaism is no different. Although Judaism was the base of Christianity, the traditions are very different. Those of Jewish faith celebrate three major holy days in succession; Rosh Hashanah, ten days later is Yom Kippur, and finally five days after that is Sukkot. Time of the Year of Holy Day It all starts in the fall with the Jewish New Year, Rosh Hashanah. Following that is the most sacred day of the year, Yom Kippur. Although these days are now celebrated on specific days, it was not always like that. They used to just base it off of the harvest season. Yom Kippur is referred to as the Day of Atonement, which means to make up for faults. It is during this time that the Jewish people stick to a strict regime of prayer and fasting. Occurring in late autumn is Sukkot, which marks the end of the wandering period by the Jewish after their departure from Egypt. Altogether, this whole period in time is called the Days of Awe because of the effect it has on the people (Molloy, 2010). Historical Origin of Holy Day In order to fully understand Sukkot, we must first go back in the Bible to Exodus, more specifically the book of Numbers. In the book of Numbers, we are told of the Israelites being led out of Egypt by Moses. They were led out because 400 years before that, they had been made slaves. Moses led the Israelites to Mount Sinai where God handed down to him the Ten Commandments. After this they made their way to the Promise Land. Once they found the Promise Land, God told them they could enter; however, no one trusted God enough to go in. As part of a punishment for not having faith in God, they were forced to wonder for forty years. Sukkot commemorates the end of the Jewish wandering by giving thanks for a plentiful harvest. It is now one of three pilgrimage festivals that those of Jewish faith celebrate. Religious Practices Associated with the Days In the Torah, it states that on this holiday we should â€Å"live in booths seven days†¦in order that future generations may know that I made the Israelite people live in booths when I brought them out of the land of Egypt, I am the Lord your God† (Lev. 23:42-43) (History Of Sukkot, n. d. ). Sukkot means â€Å"booth† and refers to what the Jewish people were required to live in during this time. These booths must have 3 walls and be covered with some kind of material that will not allow for the building to be easily knocked down. In order for the roof to fulfill the commandment, the roof needs to be made of a material from the earth, has to be something that allows for rain to enter and the stars to be seen (Jewish Virtual Library, 2014). Theological or Cultural Differences Throughout all the different religions, people have made small changes or adjusted things to better fit their lives. For example, Christmas is a Christian holiday, but the way every family celebrates it may vary quite a bit. Theologically speaking, there is a definite difference between Orthodox Jews and Liberal Jews. Orthodox Jews believe in complete acceptance of the Torah, whereas liberal Jews believe that Torah laws are more lenient or adapt to the modern world. The cultural difference will not be as significant when it comes to Jews in different countries. For example, one difference would be the food served on Holy Days. Conclusion Sukkot is a very important holy day to those who are practicing Jews. The booths they build during this time are also significant to this day because they are a symbol of a more humbling time. Not only does Sukkot remind the Jews about bountiful harvests, but it is also a reminder of the faith they should have had in God at the promise land. Traditions such as these are handed down through ancestors and are an important part of our heritage and religious beliefs. References History of Sukkot. (n. d. ). Retrieved from

Leadership Definition Essay -- Definition Leader Leading Leadership Es

Leadership Definition There are lots of definitions and interpretations for the term LEADERSHIP. One is â€Å"A relationship through which one person influences the behaviour or actions of other people† (Mullins, L.J. 2002, Management and Organisational Behaviour, 6th Edition, FT Publishing, p904). Another popular definition would be, â€Å"the process of influencing an organization or groups within an organization in its efforts towards achieving a goal† (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2005, Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition, FT Prentice Hall, p.519) Leadership Theories on Behaviour To me, leaders are constantly surrounding us. People constantly need to be led and they seek out individuals around them who have personalities that stand out – the basic qualities of leadership, the Great Man Theory. This could be in terms of their appearance, knowledge, charisma, behaviour or style. For example, popular actors/actresses might not be great leaders but they influence the thoughts of people through advertisements through their appearance and charisma. Leadership is also a process where trust of people needs to be gained and established before followers are doing things willingly and without having to use pressure. Managers are different in this aspect, as they are given authority/power and trust factor might not be required to actively participate in management, subordinates might not be performing their tasks willingly. The above idea is adopted from the most recent leadership definition by Manfred Kets de Vries, he defines leadership style as the point of int eraction between the leader’s character, the follower’s character and the situation. (Manfred Kets de Vries, The Leadership Mystique, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2001) To gain people’s trust, the first steps is to communicate, Warren Bennis observed the significance of rhetoric and eloquent, â€Å"Effective leaders put words to the formless longings and deeply felt needs of others. They create communities out of words.† (Bennis Warren, An Invented Life: Reflections on Leadership and Change, Reading, Mass, Addison-Wesly, 1993) The Traits theory, otherwise known as the Great Man theory, is the origination of leadership theories. This theory believes that there is a unique set of qualities for a leader, mainly: his intelligence and ability to judge, his knowledge power, self-confidence and dependabil... ...and Organisational Behaviour, 6th Edition, FT Publishing ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2005, Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition, FT Prentice Hall ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Manfred Kets de Vries, The Leadership Mystique, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2001 ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bennis Warren, An Invented Life: Reflections on Leadership and Change, Reading, Mass, Addison-Wesly, 1993 ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Steven F. Hayward, Churchill on Leadership, 1997, ICS Press ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blake and Mouton (1964) ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mcgregor’s X and Y theory (1987) ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leadership styles, 2002, Tony Kippenberger ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human Resource Management, Derek Torrington, Laura Hall & Stephen Taylor, 5th Edition, 2002 ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hitler’s Leadership Style by Dr Geoffrey Megargee http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/hitler_commander_01.shtml ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Secrets of Leadership: Hitler and Churchill by Andrew Roberts http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/hitler_churchill_01.shtml ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adolf Hitler http://www.remember.org/guide/Facts.root.hitler.html ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hitler as he believes himself to be http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/people/h/hitler-adolf/oss-papers/text/oss-profile-01.html Leadership Definition Essay -- Definition Leader Leading Leadership Es Leadership Definition There are lots of definitions and interpretations for the term LEADERSHIP. One is â€Å"A relationship through which one person influences the behaviour or actions of other people† (Mullins, L.J. 2002, Management and Organisational Behaviour, 6th Edition, FT Publishing, p904). Another popular definition would be, â€Å"the process of influencing an organization or groups within an organization in its efforts towards achieving a goal† (Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2005, Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition, FT Prentice Hall, p.519) Leadership Theories on Behaviour To me, leaders are constantly surrounding us. People constantly need to be led and they seek out individuals around them who have personalities that stand out – the basic qualities of leadership, the Great Man Theory. This could be in terms of their appearance, knowledge, charisma, behaviour or style. For example, popular actors/actresses might not be great leaders but they influence the thoughts of people through advertisements through their appearance and charisma. Leadership is also a process where trust of people needs to be gained and established before followers are doing things willingly and without having to use pressure. Managers are different in this aspect, as they are given authority/power and trust factor might not be required to actively participate in management, subordinates might not be performing their tasks willingly. The above idea is adopted from the most recent leadership definition by Manfred Kets de Vries, he defines leadership style as the point of int eraction between the leader’s character, the follower’s character and the situation. (Manfred Kets de Vries, The Leadership Mystique, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2001) To gain people’s trust, the first steps is to communicate, Warren Bennis observed the significance of rhetoric and eloquent, â€Å"Effective leaders put words to the formless longings and deeply felt needs of others. They create communities out of words.† (Bennis Warren, An Invented Life: Reflections on Leadership and Change, Reading, Mass, Addison-Wesly, 1993) The Traits theory, otherwise known as the Great Man theory, is the origination of leadership theories. This theory believes that there is a unique set of qualities for a leader, mainly: his intelligence and ability to judge, his knowledge power, self-confidence and dependabil... ...and Organisational Behaviour, 6th Edition, FT Publishing ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Johnson, Scholes & Whittington, 2005, Exploring Corporate Strategy, 7th Edition, FT Prentice Hall ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Manfred Kets de Vries, The Leadership Mystique, Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2001 ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bennis Warren, An Invented Life: Reflections on Leadership and Change, Reading, Mass, Addison-Wesly, 1993 ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Steven F. Hayward, Churchill on Leadership, 1997, ICS Press ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Blake and Mouton (1964) ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mcgregor’s X and Y theory (1987) ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leadership styles, 2002, Tony Kippenberger ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human Resource Management, Derek Torrington, Laura Hall & Stephen Taylor, 5th Edition, 2002 ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hitler’s Leadership Style by Dr Geoffrey Megargee http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/hitler_commander_01.shtml ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Secrets of Leadership: Hitler and Churchill by Andrew Roberts http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/hitler_churchill_01.shtml ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adolf Hitler http://www.remember.org/guide/Facts.root.hitler.html ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hitler as he believes himself to be http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/people/h/hitler-adolf/oss-papers/text/oss-profile-01.html

CMTG Network Security Infrastructure

Each Kudler Fine Foods location would be protected via higher end firewall recommended for small/medium size businesses with higher security requirements (Cisco, Watchguard, Barracuda). Each Kudler Fine Foods location, regardless of its geographical location, would have hi-speed internet access that would keep it connected to the headquarters location. Each firewall would be configured to provide maximum security for each location as well as Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection between the location and the headquarters. Headquarters location would host Main POS Database Server which would be synchronized with all other POS database servers every fifteen to thirty minutes. All of the synchronization would take place via VPN that has 1024bit encryption. Each geographical location would be able to access necessary data and files at the headquarters location via VPN at any time. Depending on the network authentication and network policies, not every person would have access to the same data. Since Kudler Fine Foods employs only two computer support specialists, we would recommend for the email to be hosted off site and be accessed either via Outlook Web Access (web-mail) or POP/SMPT/IMAP protocols with the Microsoft Outlook client. We also recommend that Email SPAM filtering be provided by the Email Host, but Kudler Fine Foods computer support staff should have access to email spam filters and manage them as they see fit best for the organization. Read this  Chapter 2 – Why Security is Needed We would also recommend for the Website to be hosted outside of the Kudler Fine Foods network but would recommend that Website’s database be synchronized with the network database via secure connection. Main reason for suggesting Email and Website services to be hosted off-site is security, downtime and support staff. Each firewall would handle IDS and IDP (intrusion detection and prevention service), as well as web access filtering, attachment filtering, traffic monitoring, virus scanning. Each computer and server would also run virus protection software. Firewall would be setup to shut down and block any suspicious network incoming/outgoing traffic in case of security breach and log it and email notify the computer support specialist (DoS, Hacker attacks, Virus outbreak). Firewall security updates would be done automatically and in the background and would provide security against latest threats. We believe that proposed network security infrastructure for Kudler Fine Foods would be secure, centralized, manageable by the small IT staff, reasonably priced to implement and easily upgradable and expendable in the future.